造纸与纤维材料

随着对消防安全和绿色环保材料需求的日益增长，赋予纸张阻燃性能已成为造纸领域的重要研究方向。本文提出以硅烷偶联剂KH550改性聚磷酸铵（APP），并与硅铝微粉复配，构建一种新型浆内添加型阻燃填料体系。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和水接触角测试，验证了KH550成功接枝于APP表面，且显著提高其疏水性和分散性。将复配填料加入纸浆中制备阻燃纸，系统考察不同改性APP比例对纸张阻燃性能与物理性能的影响。结果表明：随着改性APP比例的增加，纸张的自熄能力明显增强，燃烧长度余量最高达70%，呈现出优异的阻燃性能。物理性能方面，改性APP的引入显著提高纸张的紧度、耐折度、抗张指数与耐破指数，这源于改性APP与纤维间氢键的增强作用。此外，撕裂指数随改性APP比例升高而降低，可能归因于高柔性填料引起裂纹路径简化与纤维拔出能耗下降。该研究为阻燃纸的工业化绿色制备提供了新思路，也为锂渣资源化利用提供了有效路径。

With the increasing demand for fire safety and green environmental protection materials, endowing paper with flame retardant properties has become an important research direction in the field of papermaking. In this paper, a novel in-pulp additive flame retardant filler system was constructed by modifying ammonium polyphosphate(APP) with silane coupling agent KH550 and compounding it with silica-alumina micropowder. The successful grafting of KH550 onto the surface of APP, which significantly improved its hydrophobicity and dispersibility, was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and water contact angle test. The composite filler was added into pulp to prepare flame retardant paper, and the effects of different proportions of modified APP on the flame retardant properties and physical properties of the paper were systematically investigated. The results showed that with the increase of the proportion of modified APP, the self-extinguishing ability of the paper was significantly enhanced, and the residual burning length reached up to 70%, showing excellent flame retardant performance. In terms of physical properties, the introduction of modified APP significantly improved the tightness, folding endurance, tensile index and burst index of the paper, which was attributed to the enhanced hydrogen bonding between modified APP and fibers. On the other hand, the tear index decreased with the increase of the proportion of modified APP, which might be due to the simplified crack path and reduced energy consumption of fiber pull-out caused by the highly flexible filler. This study provides a new idea for the industrial green preparation of flame retardant paper and an effective path for the resource utilization of lithium slag.